Battle of Camden in the American Revolution

The Battle of Camden was fought August 16, 1780, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Following the loss of Charleston, SC in May 1780, Major General Horatio Gates was sent south to rally American forces in the region. Eager to engage the British, Gates advanced to Camden, SC in August 1780 and encountered a British army led by Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis. In the resulting battle, a large part of Gates army was routed and he fled the field. The Battle of Camden was a crushing defeat for American forces and cost them a valued field commander in Johann von Robais, Baron de Kalb. In the wake of Camden, Major General Nathanael Greene was appointed to command American troops in the South. Background Having withdrawn from Philadelphia to New York in 1778, Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton, commanding British forces in North America, shifted his focus south. That December, British troops captured Savannah, GA and in the spring of 1780 laid siege to Charleston, SC. When the city fell in May 1780, Clinton succeeded in capturing the bulk of the Continental Armys southern forces. Raiding from the city, Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton defeated another retreating American force at the Battle of Waxhaws on May 29. General Sir Henry Clinton. Photograph Source: Public Domain Having taken the city, Clinton departed leaving Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis in command. With the exception of partisan groups operating in the South Carolina back country, the closest American forces to Charleston were two Continental regiments commanded by Major General Baron Johann de Kalb at Hillsborough, NC. To rescue the situation, the Continental Congress turned to the victor of Saratoga, Major General Horatio Gates. Riding south, he arrived in de Kalbs camp at Deep River, NC on July 25. Assessing the situation, he found that the army was lacking in food as the local population, disillusioned by the recent string of defeats, was not offering supplies. In an effort to restore morale, Gates proposed immediately moving against Lieutenant Colonel Lord Francis Rawdons outpost at Camden, SC. Though de Kalb was willing to attack, he recommended moving through Charlotte and Salisbury to obtain badly needed supplies. This was rejected by Gates who insisted on speed and began leading the army south through the North Carolina pine barrens. Joined by Virginia militia and additional Continental troops, Gates army had little to eat during the march beyond what could be scavenged from the countryside. Battle of Camden Conflict: American Revolution (1775-1783)Date: August 16, 1780Armies and Commanders:AmericansMajor General Horatio GatesMajor General Johann de Kalb3,700 menBritishLieutenant General Lord Charles CornwallisLieutenant Colonel Banastre TarletonLord Rawdon2,200 menCasualties:Americans: 800 killed and wounded, approx. 1,000 capturedBritish: 68 killed, 245 wounded, and 11 missing Moving to Battle Crossing the Pee Dee River on August 3, they met 2,000 militia led by Colonel James Caswell. This addition swelled Gates force to around 4,500 men, but further worsened the logistical situation. Approaching Camden, but believing he greatly outnumbered Rawdon, Gates dispatched 400 men to aid Thomas Sumter with an attack on a British supply convoy. On August 9, having been informed of Gates approach, Cornwallis marched out from Charleston with reinforcements. Arriving at Camden, the combined British force numbered around 2,200 men. Due to disease and hunger, Gates possessed around 3,700 healthy men. Major General Horatio Gates. Â  Public Domain Deployments Rather than wait at Camden, Cornwallis began probing north. Late on August 15, the two forces made contact approximately five miles north of the town. Pulling back for the night, they prepared for battle the next day. Deploying in the morning, Gates made the error of placing the bulk of his Continental troops (de Kalbs command) on his right, with the North Carolina and Virginia militia on the left. A small group of dragoons under Colonel Charles Armand was to their rear. As a reserve, Gates retained Brigadier General William Smallwoods Maryland Continentals behind the American line. In forming his men, Cornwallis made similar deployments placing his most experienced troops, under Lieutenant Colonel James Webster, on the right while Rawdons Loyalist and Volunteers of Ireland militia opposed de Kalb. As a reserve, Cornwallis held back two battalions of the 71st Foot as well as Tarletons cavalry. Facing off, the two armies were constrained to a narrow battlefield which was hemmed in on either side by the swamps of Gum Creek. The Battle of Camden The battle commenced in the morning with Cornwallis right attacking the American militia. As the British moved forward, Gates ordered the Continentals on his right to advance. Firing a volley into the militia, the British inflicted several casualties before surging forward with a bayonet charge. Largely lacking bayonets and rattled by the opening shots, the bulk of the militia immediately fled the field. As his left wing disintegrated, Gates joined the militia in fleeing. Pushing forward, the Continentals fought vigorously and repelled two assaults by Rawdons men (Map). Major General Johann von Robais, Baron de Kalb. Â  Public Domain Counterattacking, the Continentals came close to breaking Rawdons line, but were soon taken in the flank by Webster. Having routed the militia, he turned his men and began assaulting the Continentals left flank. Stubbornly resisting, the Americans were finally forced to withdraw when Cornwallis ordered Tarleton to attack their rear. In the course of the fighting, de Kalb was wounded eleven times and left on the field. Retreating from Camden, the Americans were pursued by Tarletons troopers for approximately twenty miles. Aftermath The Battle of Camden saw Gates army suffer around 800 killed and wounded and another 1,000 captured. In addition, the Americans lost eight guns and the bulk of their wagon train. Captured by the British, de Kalb was cared for by Cornwallis doctor before dying on August 19. British losses totaled 68 killed, 245 wounded, and 11 missing. A crushing defeat, Camden marked the second time an American army in the South was effectively destroyed in 1780. Having fled the field during the fighting, Gates rode sixty miles to Charlotte by nightfall. Disgraced, he was removed from command in favor of the dependable Major General Nathanael Greene that fall.

Analysis Of `` No One `` By Zora Neale Hurston And Toni...

â€Å"No one says a novel has to be one thing† according to Ishmael Reed. Literature, he says, can be whatever it wants to be. While it is true that the nature of literature is flux, to agree or disagree with his sentiments is the very core of an ancient debate: how is literature to be critiqued. Literary theory is wide—its proponents range from deconstructionism and structuralism to aestheticism, and culturalism, flowing through queer theory, gender theory, and race theory to name a few subsets of the latter. The diversity in this theory is easily explained, as it stems from the own diversity of writers and works that have been produced. The identities of these works and their writers, however, becomes very important when choosing a method to interpret and analyse their art. 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The Flat Tax Issue Essay Example For Students

The Flat Tax Issue Essay ?The Flat TaxA Reaction Paper The article on the Flat Tax system was actually one that I could relate to in terms of personal taxes. I have heard of this ?new system over the last five or six years, but I still have yet to see any type of action for implementation with this system. Before becoming ?enlightened about the new system through this article, I believed that the Flat Tax needed to be adopted by our government and adopted immediately. The thought of only paying fifteen percent to taxes is something that I relished. I always thought that a straight fifteen percent tax across the board would be fair and adequate for our system. I never truly understood the consequences the flat tax made upon the debt. This, again, was all before reading the article in depth. I appreciated the fact that the author presented numerous facts and examples when he spoke of the advantages and disadvantages of the flat tax. Some of these disadvantages I would never have known if not for this article. Most of us hear of a new tax system and without knowing the details, we want to jump into the new system believing that it will help all of us save some of our income. Obviously, by employing this system, it will save us some income but in the end, we will be paying higher taxes for other essentials. Taxes will be paid by the consumer either on payroll or through the purchases of durable and non-durable goods. There is no way around it. One way or the other we are paying the taxes to support our country. The other astounding fact that I received from the article was that the fifteen- percent would not even come close to supporting our country. In fact, the country would be losing billions overall. In order to support the country, the flat tax would have to increase almost up to twenty-seven percent! Most people would probably not agree with this data. When I traveled to Ireland last winter, I noticed that when I purchased something a VAT tax was imposed. I thought to myself, I could never live here and pay this additional tax on my purchases. Little did I know that this VAT tax was part of a flat tax system. I understand how the VAT tax helps keep the debt from rising out of control, but there must be others ways of controlling this. I have also visited other countries that have the same type of flat tax system and they also have other means of reclaiming the taxes lost in the flat tax. Canada, for example, has their people pay a large tax on their purchases and for entertainment, such as dining. In the long run, a flat tax looks like a system that all taxpayers would want. However, most of these taxpayers will be in the same situation that I was in, not enough education on the process. This places us at the disadvantage and helps us make decisions based on false presumptions. I believe that the tax system needs to be corrected an d simplified, but this new and simplified system needs to be equitable for all. How can this be done? This is something that needs to answered by the experts and promoted by us. BibliographynoneEconomics

The phone rings and I answer, Thank you for calling Business Systems this is Mandy how can I help you Essay Example For Students

The phone rings and I answer, Thank you for calling Business Systems this is Mandy how can I help you? Essay The phone rings and I answer, Thank you for calling Business Systems this is Mandy how can I help you? The voice on the other end asks for Amanda and I reply, This is she. The voice says she is calling to remind me of my 4:00 PM dental appointment. I sigh and tell her I will be there. I enter the building and walk over to the elevator; I push the up button and patiently wait. The elevator door promptly opens and I get in. I push the button with a two on it and the doors close, up I go. Once on the second floor I exit the elevator and immediately I can smell the mixture of wintergreen flavored tooth paste and bleach out in the hall even before I go into Dr. Adelsons office. We will write a custom essay on The phone rings and I answer, Thank you for calling Business Systems this is Mandy how can I help you? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As soon as I open the outer door, the blast of cool air from the air conditioner hits me in the face making me shiver all over. I walk in and add my name to the list on the sign in sheet. Harriet, the gray hared women behind the white frosted glass slide window, sees me and lets me know the doctor will be ready in a minute. While I wait for the dental assistant in her crisp white uniform to call out my name, I look at the fish in the large blue tank in the corner of the room. The sleek fish dart about playing hide and seek with the plastic mermaid at the bottom of the tank while tiny silver bubbles slip to the top of the tanks surface and break silently while I wait my turn. Then I turn and look to see a photo album sitting on a coffee table. I pick it up only to see pictures of decaying teeth and gums. I quickly close the book and shudder at the thought as I roll my tongue over my teeth and thank God they are all there. The nurse calls my name and I enter the inner office and sit in the brown leather chair looking at all the shiny stainless steel equipment. As I sit down the bright overhead light momentarily blinds me; I feel like a deer about to meet his deathà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦then I realize, its my turn.